Pulmonary Fibrosis
What is Pulmonary Fibrosis?
Pulmonary Fibrosis involves scarring of the lung. Gradually, the air sacs of the lungs become replaced by fibrotic tissue. When the scar forms, the tissue becomes thicker causing an irreversible loss of the tissue’s ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream.
What are the symptoms?
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Shortness of breath, particularly with exertion
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Chronic dry, hacking cough
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Fatigue and weakness
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Discomfort in the chest
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Loss of appetite
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Rapid weight loss.
What is the prevalence of Pulmonary Fibrosis?
There are five million people worldwide that are affected by this disease. In the United States there are over 200,000 patients with Pulmonary Fibrosis. As a consequence of misdiagnosis the actual numbers may be significantly higher. Of these more than 40,000 expire annually. This is the same as die from Breast Cancer. Typically, patients are in their forties and fifties when diagnosed. However, diagnoses have ranged from age seven to the eighties. Current research indicates that many infants are afflicted by Pediatric Interstitial Lung Disease. At this time there is limited data on prevalence for this group.
What are the causes?
Traditional theories have postulated that it might be an autoimmune disorder, or the after effects of an infection, viral in nature. There is a growing body of evidence which points to a genetic predisposition. A mutation in the SP-C protein has been found to exist in families with a history of Pulmonary Fibrosis. The most current thinking is that the fibrotic process is a reaction to microscopic injury to the lung. While the exact cause remains unknown, associations have been made with the following:
Inhaled environmental and occupational pollutants
Cigarette smoking
Diseases such as Scleroderma, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus and Sarcoidosis
Certain medications
Therapeutic radiation
How is it treated?
There are currently no effective treatments or a cure for Pulmonary Fibrosis. The pharmacological agents designed to treat lung scarring are still in the experimental phase while the treatments intended to suppress inflammation have only limited success in reducing the fibrotic progress.
Because the origin and development of the disease is not completely understood, misdiagnosis is common. Varying terminology and lack of standard diagnostic criteria have complicated the gathering of accurate statistics about people with pulmonary fibrosis. Supplemental oxygen improves the quality of life and exercise capacity. Single lung transplant may be considered for some patients. Pulmonary Fibrosis is a very complex disease and the prediction of longevity of patients after diagnosis vary great.
translation to french language:
Fibrose pulmonaire à la cicatrisation des poumons. Peu à peu, les alvéoles des poumons devenir remplacé par fibrose des tissus. Quand la cicatrice formes, le tissu s'épaissit causant une perte irréversible de la capacité du tissu de transfert d'oxygène dans le sang.
Quels sont les symptômes?
- D'essoufflement, en particulier avec l'effort
- Chronique sèche, toux piratage
- Fatigue et faiblesse
- Inconfort dans la poitrine
- Perte d'appétit
- Une perte de poids rapide.
Quelle est la prévalence de la fibrose pulmonaire?
Il ya cinq millions de personnes dans le monde qui sont touchées par cette maladie. Aux États-Unis il ya plus de 200.000 patients atteints de fibrose pulmonaire. En conséquence de l'erreur de diagnostic mai chiffres réels sont sensiblement plus élevés. De ces plus de 40.000 expire chaque année. C'est la même chose que de mourir du cancer du sein. En général, les patients sont dans la quarantaine et la cinquantaine lorsque diagnostiquée. Toutefois, les diagnostics ont l'âge variait de sept à quatre-vingt. La recherche actuelle indique que de nombreux enfants sont touchés par de pédiatrie maladies pulmonaires interstitielles. À ce moment, il ya peu de données sur la prévalence de ce groupe.
Quelles sont les causes?
Les théories traditionnelles ont postulé qu'il serait peut-être une maladie auto-immune, ou les séquelles d'une infection virale dans la nature. Il est de plus en plus d'éléments de preuve qui montre une prédisposition génétique. Une mutation dans le SP-C protein a été conclu à l'existence dans les familles ayant des antécédents de fibrose pulmonaire. La plupart des réflexions en cours est que le processus de fibrose est une réaction à des blessures microscopiques aux poumons. Bien que la cause exacte reste inconnue, les associations ont été pris avec le texte suivant:
- Inhalé environnementale et professionnelle polluants
- L'usage de la cigarette
- Maladies telles que la sclérodermie, la polyarthrite rhumatoïde, le lupus et Sarcoïdose
- Certains médicaments
- Thérapeutique des rayonnements
Comment est-il traité?
Il n'y a actuellement aucun traitement efficace ou un traitement pour la fibrose pulmonaire. Les agents pharmacologiques visant à traiter les cicatrices du poumon sont encore en phase expérimentale, tandis que les traitements destinés à supprimer l'inflammation n'ont que peu de succès dans la réduction de la fibrose progrès.
Parce que l'origine et l'évolution de la maladie n'est pas complètement compris, erreur de diagnostic est commun. Variante terminologie et de l'absence de critères de diagnostic standard ont compliqué la collecte de statistiques exactes sur les personnes ayant la fibrose pulmonaire. De l'oxygène améliore la qualité de vie et de l'exercice capacité. Seul mai transplantation pulmonaire être considérés pour certains patients. Fibrose pulmonaire est une maladie très complexe et la prédiction de la longévité des patients après le diagnostic varie beaucoup.
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